{"id":2411,"date":"2019-06-08T15:09:28","date_gmt":"2019-06-08T13:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/?p=2411"},"modified":"2020-11-24T16:31:21","modified_gmt":"2020-11-24T15:31:21","slug":"skalicke-ulice-gorkeho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/skalicke-ulice-gorkeho\/","title":{"rendered":"Skalick\u00e9 ulice &#8211; Gork\u00e9ho"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Maxim Gorkij, vlastn\u00fdm menom Alexej Maximovi\u010d Pe\u0161kov (*28. marec 1868, Ni\u017en\u00fd Novgorod, Rusko \u2013 \u202018. j\u00fan 1936, Moskva), bol rusk\u00fd spisovate\u013e, dramatik, publicista, b\u00e1snik a\u00a0revolucion\u00e1r. K\u00a0jeho najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm dielam patr\u00ed rom\u00e1n Matka a\u00a0dr\u00e1ma Na dne. P\u00e4\u0165kr\u00e1t ho nominovali na Nobelovu cenu za literat\u00faru \u2013 v\u00a0rokoch 1918, 1923, dvakr\u00e1t v\u00a0roku 1928 a\u00a0raz v\u00a0roku 1933. Hlavnou t\u00e9mou spisovate\u013eovej tvorby je sen o\u00a0vytvoren\u00ed nov\u00e9ho \u010dloveka, neboj\u00e1cneho a\u00a0slobodn\u00e9ho, s\u00a0vysok\u00fdmi intelektu\u00e1lnymi a\u00a0fyzick\u00fdmi schopnos\u0165ami.<\/p>\n<p>Popri beletrii a\u00a0dr\u00e1me, \u010di autobiografick\u00fdch pr\u00edbehoch, sa venoval bohatej publicistickej \u010dinnosti, p\u00edsaniu politick\u00fdch a\u00a0kult\u00farno-umeleck\u00fdch esej\u00ed a\u00a0\u010dl\u00e1nkov. V\u00fdrazne ho ovplyvnili stretnutia s\u00a0Levom Nikolajevi\u010dom Tolst\u00fdm a\u00a0Antonom Pavlovi\u010dom \u010cechovom. V\u00a0rokoch 1917 a\u017e 1919 zna\u010dne skepticky pristupoval k\u00a0febru\u00e1rovej a\u00a0okt\u00f3brovej revol\u00facii v\u00a0Rusku, kritizoval bo\u013e\u0161evick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, ods\u00fadil postoj bo\u013e\u0161evikov k\u00a0starej inteligencii, zachr\u00e1nil mno\u017estvo intelektu\u00e1lov pred represiami a\u00a0hladom.<\/p>\n<p>Obhajoval c\u00e1rsku rodinu Romanovovcov, ktor\u00fa nesk\u00f4r, po dlhom internovan\u00ed, v\u00a0roku 1918 popravili. V\u00a0\u00fasil\u00ed n\u00e1js\u0165 vhodn\u00fa platformu na vyjadrovanie svojich n\u00e1zorov sa rozhodol vyd\u00e1va\u0165 noviny Novaja \u017eiz\u0148, ktor\u00e9 v\u0161ak \u00farady po \u010dase zastavili. Viackr\u00e1t sa stretol s\u00a0Leninom aj Stalinom, \u017eiadal ich o\u00a0zhovievavos\u0165 k\u00a0niektor\u00fdm svojim spisovate\u013esk\u00fdm kolegom. \u017diadal ich tie\u017e, aby sa osobne pri\u010dinili o\u00a0z\u00e1chranu najvz\u00e1cnej\u0161\u00edch rusk\u00fdch pamiatok a\u00a0c\u00e1rskych klenotov.<\/p>\n<p>Gorkij str\u00e1vil v\u00a0emigr\u00e1cii celkovo viac ako osemn\u00e1s\u0165 rokov (ist\u00fd \u010das e\u0161te pred revol\u00faciou), z\u00a0toho p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 v\u00a0Taliansku. Po nieko\u013ek\u00fdch rokoch kult\u00farnej a\u00a0\u013eudskopr\u00e1vnej pr\u00e1ce v\u00a0sovietskom Rusku odi\u0161iel do zahrani\u010dia \u2013 v\u00a0dvadsiatych rokoch minul\u00e9ho storo\u010dia \u017eil v\u00a0Berl\u00edne, Prahe, Mari\u00e1nskych L\u00e1z\u0148ach a\u00a0talianskom Sorrente). V\u00a0roku 1932 sa nakoniec vr\u00e1til do Sovietskeho zv\u00e4zu, kde v\u00a0posledn\u00fdch rokoch svojho \u017eivota z\u00edskal ofici\u00e1lne uznanie ako zakladate\u013e socialistick\u00e9ho realizmu. Kompletn\u00e1 kolekcia Gork\u00e9ho diela predstavuje 60 zv\u00e4zkov. Pochovan\u00fd je na Novodevi\u010dom cintor\u00edne v\u00a0Moskve.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Maxim Gorkij, vlastn\u00fdm menom Alexej Maximovi\u010d Pe\u0161kov (*28. marec 1868, Ni\u017en\u00fd Novgorod, Rusko \u2013 \u202018. j\u00fan 1936, Moskva), bol rusk\u00fd spisovate\u013e, dramatik, publicista, b\u00e1snik a\u00a0revolucion\u00e1r. K\u00a0jeho najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm dielam patr\u00ed rom\u00e1n Matka a\u00a0dr\u00e1ma Na dne. P\u00e4\u0165kr\u00e1t <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/skalicke-ulice-gorkeho\/\" title=\"Skalick\u00e9 ulice &#8211; Gork\u00e9ho\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":2412,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2411","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-skalicke-ulice"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2411"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2411\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2414,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2411\/revisions\/2414"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2412"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}