{"id":4075,"date":"2020-12-10T12:18:29","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T11:18:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/?p=4075"},"modified":"2025-01-30T23:28:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T22:28:13","slug":"hymna-najkrajsich-sviatkov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/hymna-najkrajsich-sviatkov\/","title":{"rendered":"Hymna najkraj\u0161\u00edch sviatkov"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Ak by sme mali vymenova\u0165 tie najsilnej\u0161ie symboly, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa Vianoce, tak okrem Jezuliatka je to ur\u010dite strom\u010dek, dar\u010deky a\u00a0nepochybne aj piese\u0148 Tich\u00e1 noc. Znie adventn\u00fdm mestom, znie z\u00a0r\u00e1di\u00ed, vo filmoch, spozn\u00e1vame ju v\u00a0reklam\u00e1ch, rob\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru v\u00a0obchodn\u00fdch domoch, &#8230; Je tak samozrejmou a\u00a0neoddelite\u013enou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou sviato\u010dnej atmosf\u00e9ry pred koncom roka, \u017ee notoricky zn\u00e1mu mel\u00f3diu pova\u017eujeme za \u013eudov\u00fa, s\u00a0p\u00f4vodom niekedy v\u00a0stredoveku. Len\u017ee, piese\u0148 m\u00e1 svojich zn\u00e1mych autorov a\u00a0tento rok oslavuje 202 rokov.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t zaznela piese\u0148 Tich\u00e1 noc, sv\u00e4t\u00e1 noc na Vianoce 1818 v kostol\u00edku sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a v rak\u00faskom Oberndorfe ne\u010faleko Salzburgu. Jej zrodenie je rovnako o\u010daruj\u00face ako samotn\u00e1 skladba. Duchovn\u00fd Joseph Mohr, rod\u00e1k zo Salzburgu, po\u017eiadal u\u010dite\u013ea Franza Xavera Grubera, ktor\u00fd v\u00a0Oberndorfe zastupoval organistu, aby k\u00a0jeho b\u00e1sni skomponoval mel\u00f3diu. Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t piese\u0148 spolo\u010dne zaspievali jej autori. U\u017e to samotn\u00e9, ako skromne sa zrodila jedna z\u00a0najsl\u00e1vnej\u0161\u00edch piesn\u00ed, by sta\u010dilo. V\u00a0pozad\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9ho pr\u00edbehu je v\u0161ak podivuhodn\u00fd rad udalost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h4>AKO PR\u00cdDE K\u00a0ZRODU PIESNE<\/h4>\n<p>V\u0161etko za\u010dalo t\u00fdm, \u017ee v decembri 1818 v oberndorfskom kostole prehr\u00fdzli my\u0161i mechy organu. Kapl\u00e1n to zistil v predve\u010der \u0160tedr\u00e9ho d\u0148a a hrozilo, \u017ee sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e1 om\u0161a bude bez hudby. Napadlo ho v\u0161ak v\u00fdborn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie \u2013 kr\u00e1sna, sl\u00e1vnostn\u00e1 chyt\u013eav\u00e1 piese\u0148, ktor\u00e1 by nepotrebovala hudobn\u00fd sprievod. Jedna verzia hovor\u00ed o tom, \u017ee Mohr si sadol a nap\u00edsal nieko\u013eko \u0161tvorver\u0161\u00ed. Druh\u00e1 verzia tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee b\u00e1se\u0148 nap\u00edsal u\u017e v roku 1816, ke\u010f p\u00f4sobil ako pomocn\u00fd k\u0148az v Mariapfarre. V ka\u017edom pr\u00edpade pred Vianocami 1818 zobral text a namieril si to s n\u00edm v snehu tri kilometre do susedn\u00e9ho Arnsdorfu bei Laufen, kde p\u00f4sobil jeho priate\u013e, organista a hudobn\u00edk Franz Xaver Gruber. Do polno\u010dnej om\u0161e ch\u00fdbalo nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn a Mohr potreboval koledu, ktor\u00e1 zachr\u00e1ni jej sl\u00e1vnostn\u00fa atmosf\u00e9ru. Traduje sa, \u017ee Gruber bol tak dojat\u00fd posolstvom textu, \u017ee mel\u00f3diu skomponoval za necel\u00fa hodinu. Pod\u013ea inej verzie s\u00edce za nieko\u013eko hod\u00edn, ale tak \u010di onak, bolo to za zlomok jej nesmrte\u013enosti. Ve\u010der skuto\u010dne koleda znela oberndorfsk\u00fdm kostolom sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a i ke\u010f zatia\u013e v jednoduchom aran\u017em\u00e1ne pre zbor s dvoma s\u00f3lov\u00fdmi hlasmi a gitaru. Piese\u0148 bola tak chyt\u013eav\u00e1 a doj\u00edmav\u00e1, \u017ee sa r\u00fdchlo \u0161\u00edrila nielen po celom Rak\u00fasku, ale \u010falej po celom svete. Dnes existuje vo viac ako dvesto jazykoch. Hovorili sme v\u00a0\u00favode o\u00a0tom, kde v\u0161ade znie, no v\u00a0Rak\u00fasku, kde je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za n\u00e1rodn\u00fd poklad, sa nesmie hra\u0165 verejne.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4080\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4080\" style=\"width: 819px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4080 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"819\" height=\"614\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB.jpg 819w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB-300x225.jpg 300w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB-768x576.jpg 768w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB-678x509.jpg 678w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB-326x245.jpg 326w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Kostolik-sv.-Mikulasa-v-rakuskom-Oberndorfe-kde-sa-zrodila-piesen_CB-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4080\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kostol\u00edk sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a v\u00a0rak\u00faskom Oberndorfe, kde sa zrodila piese\u0148. <br \/>Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4082\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4082\" style=\"width: 709px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4082\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"709\" height=\"483\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t2.png 709w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t2-300x204.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4082\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kostol\u00edk sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a v\u00a0rak\u00faskom Oberndorfe, kde sa zrodila piese\u0148. <br \/>Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>BO\u017dIE MLYNY<\/h4>\n<p>Ke\u010f v\u00a0roku 1853 prusk\u00fd kr\u00e1\u013e Friedrich Wilhem IV po\u010dul piese\u0148 Tich\u00e1 noc, bol \u0148ou tak nad\u0161en\u00fd, \u017ee nariadil dvorn\u00e9mu koncertn\u00e9mu majstrovi n\u00e1js\u0165 jej autorov. Mohr a\u00a0Gruber \u017eili svojimi skromn\u00fdmi \u017eivotmi v\u00a0slu\u017ebe druh\u00fdm, preto dop\u00e1tra\u0165 sa k\u00a0nim nebolo v\u00f4bec jednoduch\u00e9. Uk\u00e1zalo sa, \u017ee Joseph Mohr zomrel u\u017e p\u00e4\u0165 rokov predt\u00fdm a\u00a0skladate\u013ea Grubera h\u013eadali \u010fal\u0161\u00ed rok. Napokon pomohla n\u00e1hoda \u2013 v\u00a0roku 1854 pripravoval salzbursk\u00fd zbor viano\u010dn\u00fd program a\u00a0na programe bola aj Tich\u00e1 noc. Jeden z\u00a0mlad\u00edkov spieval piese\u0148 trocha inak a\u00a0ke\u010f ho zbormajster napomenul, tak sa ohradil, \u017ee jeho otec to nap\u00edsal takto. Mlad\u00edk sa volal Felix Gruber a\u00a0zbormajster dobre poznal kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd rozkaz vyp\u00e1tra\u0165 autorov piesne. Poznal aj dvorn\u00e9ho koncertn\u00e9ho majstra a\u00a0tak dok\u00e1zal vl\u00e1dcovo \u017eelanie naplni\u0165. Kr\u00e1\u013e zahrnul Franza Grubera priaz\u0148ou a\u00a0ten do\u017eil svoj \u017eivot ako sl\u00e1vny \u010dlovek.<\/p>\n<h4>SLOV\u00c1: JOSEPH MOHR<\/h4>\n<p>Josephus Franciscus Mohr sa narodil 11. decembra 1792 v Salzburgu slobodnej kraj\u010d\u00edrke Anne Schoiberinovej. Otcom bol \u017eoldnier a dezert\u00e9r Franz Mohr, ktor\u00fd matku opustil e\u0161te pred jeho naroden\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Ako krstn\u00fd otec mal\u00e9ho Jozefa je zap\u00edsan\u00fd Joseph Wohlmuth, posledn\u00fd salzbursk\u00fd kat. Ale ani ten sa osobne nedostavil a poslal za seba ak\u00fasi \u017eenu. Mohrovo \u017eivotn\u00e9 postavenie bolo nez\u00e1videnia hodn\u00e9, ale na jeho \u0161\u0165astie mu umo\u017enil vzdelanie, dokonca aj hudobn\u00e9, vik\u00e1r a\u00a0ved\u00faci zboru v\u00a0salzburskej katedr\u00e1le Johann Nepomuk Hiernle. Mohr u\u017e ako chlapec p\u00f4sobil v\u00a0spev\u00e1ckych zboroch ako spev\u00e1k a\u00a0huslista. V\u00a0rokoch 1808 a\u017e 1810 \u0161tudoval v\u00a0kl\u00e1\u0161tore v\u00a0Kremse a\u00a0v\u00a0roku 1811 nast\u00fapil na l\u00fdceum v\u00a0Salzburgu a\u00a0aj do semin\u00e1ra. V\u00a0roku 1815 promoval a\u00a0bol vysv\u00e4ten\u00fd. V\u00a0tom roku odi\u0161iel na v\u00fdpomoc do Ramsau a\u00a0nesk\u00f4r p\u00f4sobil ako pomocn\u00fd k\u0148az v\u00a0Mariapfarr, rodisku svojho biologick\u00e9ho otca. V\u00a0roku 1817 odi\u0161iel ako k\u0148az do kostola sv. Mikul\u00e1\u0161a v\u00a0Oberndorfe. Tu ostal Mohr len dva roky a\u00a0postupne sl\u00fa\u017eil na nieko\u013ek\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch miestach. Napokon vytvoril v\u00a0dedinke Wagrain \u0161tudijn\u00fd fond pre chudobn\u00e9 deti a\u00a0syst\u00e9m starostlivosti o\u00a0star\u00fdch \u013eud\u00ed. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu svojho platu venoval na charitu. Zomrel 4. decembra 1848 vo veku 55 rokov na n\u00e1sledky respira\u010dn\u00fdch chor\u00f4b. Na mieste jeho posledn\u00e9ho p\u00f4sobenia je po \u0148om pomenovan\u00e1 \u0161kola a\u00a0v\u00a0mestskom m\u00fazeu je expoz\u00edcia <em>Joseph Mohr \u2013 vik\u00e1r z\u00a0Wagrainu.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>HUDBA: FRANZ GRUBER<\/h4>\n<p>Franz Xaver Gruber, u\u010dite\u013e a\u00a0organista sa narodil roku 1787 v\u00a0dedinke Unterweitzburg ako najmlad\u0161ie z\u00a0troch det\u00ed chudobn\u00e9ho tk\u00e1\u010da. Otec vedel o\u00a0jeho talente, no nemohol a\u00a0nechcel ho podporova\u0165. Tak ho aspo\u0148 u\u010dite\u013e u\u010dil noty a\u00a0hre na organe. Raz dvan\u00e1s\u0165ro\u010dn\u00fd Franz zast\u00fapil chor\u00e9ho u\u010dite\u013ea a\u00a0obdiv, ktor\u00fd zo\u017eal, sa r\u00fdchlo rozniesol. Jeho hra dokonca presved\u010dila aj otca, ktor\u00fd mu povolil \u010fal\u0161ie hudobn\u00e9 vzdelanie a\u00a0dokonca mu k\u00fapil harm\u00f3nium. Po \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch p\u00f4sobil Gruber ako organista v\u00a0Arnsdorfe, nesk\u00f4r v\u00a0Oberndorfe, spolu s\u00a0kapl\u00e1nom Mohrom. Po\u010das svojho \u017eivota nap\u00edsal vy\u0161e dev\u00e4\u0165desiat cirkevn\u00fdch skladieb. Zomrel v\u00a0roku 1863 ako spr\u00e1vca ch\u00f3ru v\u00a0meste\u010dku Hallein. Dom, v\u00a0ktorom \u017eil, zdob\u00ed jeho reli\u00e9f.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4085\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4085\" style=\"width: 709px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4085 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"709\" height=\"582\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t5.png 709w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t5-300x246.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4085\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Autorovi hudby Franzovi Gruberovi venovalo Rak\u00fasko po\u0161tov\u00fa zn\u00e1mku.<br \/>Zdroj: ineternet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Tich\u00e1 noc, sv\u00e4t\u00e1 noc<\/strong><br \/>\nPrelo\u017eil Ladislav Hoho\u0161<\/p>\n<p><em>Tich\u00e1 noc, sv\u00e4t\u00e1 noc!<\/em><br \/>\n<em>V\u0161etko sp\u00ed, v\u0161etko sn\u00ed,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>s\u00e1m len sv\u00e4t\u00fd bdie d\u00f4vern\u00fd p\u00e1r,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>str\u00e1\u017ei Die\u0165atko, nebesk\u00fd dar.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Sladk\u00fd Je\u017ei\u0161ko sp\u00ed, sn\u00ed,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>nebesky t\u00ed\u0161ko sp\u00ed, sn\u00ed.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Tich\u00e1 noc, sv\u00e4t\u00e1 noc!<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Anjeli zleteli,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>najprv pastierom podali zves\u0165,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>ktor\u00e1 svetom dnes d\u00e1va sa nies\u0165:<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Kristus, Spasite\u013e je tu,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Te\u0161ite\u013e sveta je tu!<\/em><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4086\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4086\" style=\"width: 359px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4086\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"359\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t6.png 359w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/t6-180x300.png 180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 359px) 100vw, 359px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4086\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mohr a\u00a0Gruber na spolo\u010dnom reli\u00e9fe.<br \/>Zdroj: internet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Ak by sme mali vymenova\u0165 tie najsilnej\u0161ie symboly, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi sa sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa Vianoce, tak okrem Jezuliatka je to ur\u010dite strom\u010dek, dar\u010deky a\u00a0nepochybne aj piese\u0148 Tich\u00e1 noc. Znie adventn\u00fdm mestom, znie z\u00a0r\u00e1di\u00ed, vo filmoch, spozn\u00e1vame ju v\u00a0reklam\u00e1ch, <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/hymna-najkrajsich-sviatkov\/\" title=\"Hymna najkraj\u0161\u00edch sviatkov\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":4076,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-4075","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-hlavna-tema"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4075"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5712,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4075\/revisions\/5712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4076"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4075"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4075"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4075"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}