{"id":5287,"date":"2022-05-25T19:14:12","date_gmt":"2022-05-25T17:14:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/?p=5287"},"modified":"2022-06-06T13:06:03","modified_gmt":"2022-06-06T11:06:03","slug":"odkaz-devina-stale-znie-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/odkaz-devina-stale-znie-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Odkaz dev\u00edna st\u00e1le znie II. \u010das\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>V minulom \u010d\u00edsle sme priniesli prv\u00fa \u010das\u0165 \u0161tvordielneho cyklu o odkazoch a v\u00fdzname sl\u00e1vneho eposu Svatopluk J\u00e1na Holl\u00e9ho od liter\u00e1rnej histori\u010dky prof. Evy Fordin\u00e1lovej. Pripomenuli sme si v\u00a0nej ako \u010dasto zab\u00fadame na na\u0161u n\u00e1rodn\u00fa hist\u00f3riu a\u00a0neopierame sa o\u00a0\u0148u. Nepozn\u00e1me historick\u00e9 s\u00favislosti,\u00a0bez ktor\u00fdch dok\u00e1\u017eeme len \u0165a\u017eko pochopi\u0165 na\u0161e dejiny. A\u00a0pr\u00e1ve ono poznanie by n\u00e1m mohlo pom\u00f4c\u0165 zorientova\u0165 sa aj v\u00a0hodnot\u00e1ch tohto sveta. <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Pr\u00e1ve Holl\u00e9ho Svatopluk je dnes st\u00e1le nedocenenou preb\u00e1snenou a\u00a0hodnoverne presnou kronikou, ktor\u00e1 pohla du\u0161ou n\u00e1roda. Bez pochopenia jej ve\u013ek\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu (a\u00a0ruka v\u00a0ruke s\u00a0t\u00fdm aj v\u00fdvoja slovensk\u00e9ho jazyka), priam zlomov\u00e9ho v\u00a0na\u0161ich dejin\u00e1ch, sme ako dom bez z\u00e1kladu. Pokra\u010dujeme teda v\u00a0jeho odkr\u00fdvan\u00ed.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h4>ODKR\u00ddVANIE PRAVDY<\/h4>\n<p>Z\u00e1sadn\u00fd zvrat v na\u0161ich slovensk\u00fdch dejin\u00e1ch nastal v roku 1833, kedy Holl\u00e9ho epos Svatopluk zasiahol cel\u00fa slovensk\u00fa inteligenciu. Vynikal \u010dasomernou dokonalos\u0165ou, teda, ver\u0161ov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom, v ktorom je epos vytvoren\u00fd a ktor\u00fd v tom \u010dase, \u010dase klasicizmu, reprezentoval umeleck\u00fd vrchol v celej Eur\u00f3pe. V prvom rade v\u0161ak zasiahol spolo\u010dnos\u0165 najm\u00e4 dejinn\u00fdm odkryt\u00edm sl\u00e1vy a sily \u201ekr\u00e1\u013eovstva Slov\u00e1kov\u201c v 9. storo\u010d\u00ed. Do vtedaj\u0161ej bez\u00fate\u0161nej situ\u00e1cie zasiahla b\u00e1se\u0148 ohromuj\u00facou silou. Burcuj\u00facu hrdinsk\u00fa v\u00fdzvu Slavim\u00edra v 5. speve na dev\u00ednskom sneme, ke\u010f sa rozhodovalo, \u010di \u00eds\u0165 do boja proti jednozna\u010dnej presile nemeck\u00e9ho vojska, mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161ie v celej na\u0161ej literat\u00fare. Prav\u00e9 slov\u00e1 vysloven\u00e9 v prav\u00fd \u010das zvr\u00e1tili \u010fal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00fd \u017eivot:<\/p>\n<p><em>Ve\u010d\u0148e-\u013ei ods\u00fa\u010fen k\u00a0tomu n\u00e1\u0161 je tu na sve\u0165e n\u00e1rod,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Pod cudz\u00edm abi \u013een sme zaprah\u013e\u00ed d\u00edcha\u013ei j\u00e1rmom.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>A\u00a0vlastn\u00fa slobodu, vlastn\u00fa \u0148eu\u017e\u00edva\u013ei volnos\u0165?<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u010co\u017e na to utla\u010den\u00ed pove\u010f\u00e1 n\u00e1m \u0148ekdi potomci?<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Zbroj teda, zbroj hrozn\u00fa zapopad\u0148ime, napro\u0165i po\u010fme,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Dajme sa roz\u0165a\u0165 a\u00a0krv do pos\u013eedn\u00e9j kapki vi\u013eejme.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Br\u00e1\u0148me zlat\u00fa volnos\u0165 a\u00a0ze z\u00e1hubi vidrime krajinu.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201eMeno Slov\u00e1k zrazu zaznelo hrdo a mu\u017ene\u201c, nap\u00edsal k tomu J. M. Hurban. Bolo to meno s\u00a0minulos\u0165ou aj bud\u00facnos\u0165ou.<\/p>\n<h4>SVET SA DAL DO POHYBU<\/h4>\n<p>Ver\u0161e vytryskli z\u00a0h\u013abok hist\u00f3rie ako gejz\u00edr \u017eivej vody. Mlad\u00ed \u0161t\u00farovci zostali spo\u010diatku zasko\u010den\u00ed. Idea bola strhuj\u00faca, bola v\u0161ak v\u00a0bernol\u00e1kov\u010dine, ktor\u00fa neuzn\u00e1vali za jazyk Slov\u00e1kov. B\u00farliv\u00fd apel n\u00e1rodnej z\u00e1chrany bol v\u0161ak aj tak obrovskou silou, ktor\u00e1 strh\u00e1vala tak\u00e9to prek\u00e1\u017eky.<\/p>\n<p>\u013dudov\u00edt \u0160t\u00far sa v\u00a0roku 1835 prv\u00fd odhodlal tajne nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 Madunice a\u00a0tajne pozoroval Holl\u00e9ho v\u00a0h\u00e1ji Ml\u00ed\u010d pri jeho tvorbe. Z\u00e1\u017eitok bol pre neho nato\u013eko siln\u00fd, \u017ee pri ka\u017edej pr\u00edle\u017eitosti o\u00a0\u0148om pln\u00fd nad\u0161enia rozpr\u00e1val.<\/p>\n<p>Hr\u00e1dza padla a, ako p\u00ed\u0161e Hurban v\u00a0\u017divotopise \u013dudov\u00edta \u0160t\u00fara, nastali \u201ez\u00a0bratislavsk\u00e9ho evanjelick\u00e9ho l\u00fdcea p\u00fate na katol\u00edcku faru do Madun\u00edc.\u201c \u0160t\u00far prv\u00fd pomenoval Holl\u00e9ho \u201eotcom Slov\u00e1kov\u201c a\u00a0Holl\u00fd \u0160t\u00fara synom. V\u00a0ankete Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed Slov\u00e1k v\u00a0roku 2019 v\u0161ak Holl\u00fd ch\u00fdbal&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0m\u00e1ji 1836, teda, kr\u00e1tko po pam\u00e4tnom v\u00fdstupe na Dev\u00edn, vydal kr\u00fa\u017eok \u0161tudentov \u201ebratislavsk\u00fdch u\u010dencov\u201c almanach pr\u00e1c svojho liter\u00e1rneho kr\u00fa\u017eku Plody, ktor\u00fd bol pripraven\u00fd do tla\u010de u\u017e pred touto vlasteneckou vych\u00e1dzkou. Drviv\u00fa prevahu mali pr\u00edspevky poetick\u00e9, najm\u00e4 od Sama Chalupku. Pojem \u201evlas\u0165\u201c sa v\u00a0nich zrete\u013ene lokalizuje v\u00a0slovenskej pr\u00edrodnej scen\u00e9rii (Smutek):<\/p>\n<p><em>Nad Tatrou se nebe kal\u00ed,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>kal\u00ed mraky hromov\u00fdmi, <\/em><br \/>\n<em>mutn\u011b se V\u00e1h i\u00a0Hron val\u00ed<\/em><br \/>\n<em>mezi b\u0159ehy slovensk\u00fdmi.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>VOLNOU VLAST OBR\u00c1NIT VNUK\u016eM<\/h4>\n<p>V Chalupkovej b\u00e1sni <em><strong>M\u00e1<\/strong> <strong>vlast<\/strong> <\/em>z\u00e1vere\u010dn\u00e1 strofa zrete\u013ene s\u00favis\u00ed s najp\u00f4sobivej\u0161ou ideou z\u00a05. spevu <em>Svatopluka<\/em> \u2013 v mene bud\u00facich gener\u00e1ci\u00ed treba voli\u0165 rad\u0161ej hrdinsk\u00fa smr\u0165 ne\u017e \u017eivot v otroctve. My\u0161lienku nesk\u00f4r rozvinie v hrdinskej b\u00e1sni <em><strong>Mor ho!<\/strong><\/em>, ktor\u00fa mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 za pre mlad\u00fa gener\u00e1ciu \u0161t\u00farovcov modern\u00e9 romantick\u00e9 preb\u00e1snenie <strong>\u201eSvatopluka\u201c<\/strong>. Sp\u00e1ja ich mno\u017estvo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch mot\u00edvov, ale predov\u0161etk\u00fdm z\u00e1paln\u00e1 v\u00fdzva na obranu ohrozenej vlasti v mene bud\u00facich pokolen\u00ed \u2013 u Holl\u00e9ho <strong>\u201eZbroj teda!\u201c<\/strong>, u Chalupku <strong>\u201eMor ho!\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>R\u00e1d p\u0159i div\u00e9m surmy zvuku<\/em><br \/>\n<em>v\u00a0boj polet\u00edm za kraj rodn\u00fd,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>volnou vlas\u0165 obr\u00e1nit vnuk\u016fm,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>neb padnou\u0165 jak syn svobodn\u00fd.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>My\u0161lienky siln\u00e9 a\u00a0kr\u00e1sne s\u00fa o\u00a0to cennej\u0161ie, \u017ee dokonale s\u00faznej\u00fa so skuto\u010dnos\u0165ou. Napokon pravdivos\u0165 svojho slobodomyse\u013en\u00e9ho ducha s\u00e1m Chalupka preuk\u00e1zal svojou dobrovo\u013en\u00edckou \u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00a0Po\u013eskom povstan\u00ed proti c\u00e1rskemu Rusku u\u017e v\u00a0roku 1830.<br \/>\n(Pokra\u010dovanie nabud\u00face.)<\/p>\n<p><em>Eva Fordin\u00e1lov\u00e1<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>V minulom \u010d\u00edsle sme priniesli prv\u00fa \u010das\u0165 \u0161tvordielneho cyklu o odkazoch a v\u00fdzname sl\u00e1vneho eposu Svatopluk J\u00e1na Holl\u00e9ho od liter\u00e1rnej histori\u010dky prof. Evy Fordin\u00e1lovej. Pripomenuli sme si v\u00a0nej ako \u010dasto zab\u00fadame na na\u0161u n\u00e1rodn\u00fa hist\u00f3riu <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/odkaz-devina-stale-znie-2\/\" title=\"Odkaz dev\u00edna st\u00e1le znie II. \u010das\u0165\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":916,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5287","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-toto-sa-nas-tyka"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5287"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5332,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5287\/revisions\/5332"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/916"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}