{"id":5585,"date":"2022-10-15T20:12:29","date_gmt":"2022-10-15T18:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/?p=5585"},"modified":"2025-01-31T00:22:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T23:22:35","slug":"kto-a-komu-zachranil-uhorsky-stat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/kto-a-komu-zachranil-uhorsky-stat\/","title":{"rendered":"Kto a komu zachr\u00e1nil Uhorsk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>\u201eSlov\u00e1ci, o\u00a0svoje dejiny dbajte! Stato\u010dn\u00fd slovensk\u00fd n\u00e1rod povzneste ku hviezdam hor!\u201c<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Takto vyz\u00fdval u\u017e v 17. storo\u010d\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd humanistick\u00fd b\u00e1snik Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Jakobeus, ktor\u00fd od svojich \u0161tyroch rokov \u017eil so svojim otcom v Pre\u0161ove. My sme v\u0161ak e\u0161te st\u00e1le t\u00fato v\u00fdzvu nenaplnili, naopak, hrie\u0161ne ju zanedb\u00e1vame. Preto sme aj pri prieskume n\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho povedomia v Eur\u00f3pe obsadili posledn\u00e9 miesto. Poznanie n\u00e1rodnej hist\u00f3rie je toti\u017e jeho z\u00e1kladom. Bez toho nevieme na \u010do m\u00e1me by\u0165 hrd\u00ed. A veru m\u00e1me! Kone\u010dne treba odstr\u00e1ni\u0165 kriv\u00e9 zrkadl\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1m nastavili in\u00ed \u2013 a\u00a0my sme jej zdeformovan\u00fa tv\u00e1r prijali za svoju.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_5586\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-5586\" style=\"width: 390px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5586 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Bitka-pri-rozhanovciach_zdroj_Archiv-redakcie-527x1024_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"390\" height=\"757\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Bitka-pri-rozhanovciach_zdroj_Archiv-redakcie-527x1024_.jpg 390w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Bitka-pri-rozhanovciach_zdroj_Archiv-redakcie-527x1024_-155x300.jpg 155w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 390px) 100vw, 390px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-5586\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bitka pri Rozhanovciach, ilustr\u00e1cia z Viedenskej ma\u013eovanej kroniky. <br \/>Zdroj: Wikipedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Niektor\u00e9 deform\u00e1cie sa n\u00e1m pritom stali takmer osudn\u00fdmi, vytl\u00e1\u010dali n\u00e1s z hist\u00f3rie ako Popolu\u0161ku z jej dedi\u010dn\u00e9ho majetku. V 19. a za\u010diatkom 20. storo\u010dia kulminovala ma\u010fariz\u00e1cia a\u00a0mo\u017eno otvorene hovori\u0165 o\u00a0stup\u0148ovan\u00ed genoc\u00eddy vo\u010di Slov\u00e1kom. V\u00a0tom \u010dase sofistickej zvr\u00e1tenosti v\u00fdkladu slovensk\u00fdch dej\u00edn sa stalo z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm argumentom pre popretie slovensk\u00fdch n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, dejinnosti a\u00a0vlastn\u00edckeho domov\u00e9ho pr\u00e1va, odvol\u00e1vanie sa na Anonymovu kroniku. Pod\u013ea nej sa Slov\u00e1ci nepodie\u013eali na vzniku a\u00a0upev\u0148ovan\u00ed uhorsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu a, teda, s\u00fa nedejinn\u00ed, nesvojpr\u00e1vni.<\/p>\n<p>Zabudlo sa na Nitrianske \u00fadeln\u00e9 knie\u017eatstvo, ktor\u00e9 sa st\u00e1valo po rozpade Ve\u013ekomoravskej r\u00ed\u0161e za\u010diatkom 9. storo\u010dia podielnym \u010dlenom vznikaj\u00faceho uhorsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu, so z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm \u201evenom\u201c kult\u00farnosti, organizovania \u0161t\u00e1tu pod\u013ea predlohy Ve\u013ekej Moravy (\u017eupy \u2013 \u017eupani s\u00fa slovensk\u00e9ho p\u00f4vodu), kult\u00fary na kres\u0165ansk\u00fdch z\u00e1kladoch, so svoj\u00edm symbolom cyrilometodsk\u00e9ho dvojkr\u00ed\u017ea (symbolu spravodlivosti).<\/p>\n<p>A tu treba zd\u00f4razni\u0165 \u010fal\u0161iu nezanedbate\u013en\u00fa a d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa skuto\u010dnos\u0165, ktorou mo\u017eno rozbi\u0165 deformovan\u00fd obraz nehistorickej hist\u00f3rie, priam korunn\u00e9ho svedka: liter\u00e1rne pramene, autentick\u00fa \u013eudov\u00fa slovesnos\u0165. Parafr\u00e1zujem Mikul\u00e1\u0161a Jakobea: <em>\u201eSlov\u00e1ci, o svoju kult\u00faru dbajte, jej pravdu povzneste na s\u00fadny st\u00f4l!\u201c<\/em> Ako d\u00f4kazov\u00fd materi\u00e1l mo\u017eno predlo\u017ei\u0165 piese\u0148 z historick\u00fdch \u010dias tvorenia a upev\u0148ovania poz\u00edci\u00ed rodiaceho sa uhorsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu. Je to piese\u0148 <em>St\u00e1la bitka, st\u00e1la, za \u0160tefana kr\u00e1\u013ea<\/em>, ktor\u00fa zaznamenal aj J\u00e1n Koll\u00e1r v\u00a0<em>N\u00e1rodn\u00fdch spievank\u00e1ch.<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>St\u00e1la bitka, st\u00e1la<\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>za \u0160tefana kr\u00e1\u013ea,<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>bili sa jun\u00e1ci<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>s\u00a0pohanmi Slov\u00e1ci,<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<em>takej viac nebude,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>k\u00fdm svet svetom bude.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Bola bitka bola<\/em><br \/>\n<em>vy\u0161e Ostrihoma,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u010derven\u00e1 krv tiekla<\/em><br \/>\n<em>polovicou Hrona.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u010cerven\u00e1 krv tiekla<\/em><br \/>\n<em>k\u00a0bielemu Dunaju,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>t\u00fdch kliatych <strong>pohanov<\/strong><\/em><br \/>\n<em><strong>kres\u0165ania<\/strong> r\u00fabaj\u00fa.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>V\u00a0oddelen\u00ed N\u00e1rodn\u00fdch spievaniek <em>Pam\u011btn\u00e9 p\u00edsn\u011b historick\u00e9<\/em> ju Koll\u00e1r zaradil ako prv\u00fa, av\u0161ak vo vysvetlivk\u00e1ch s\u00e1m vyslovuje pochybnosti, \u010di i\u0161lo o\u00a0skuto\u010dn\u00fa udalos\u0165. Jej obsah pova\u017euje za nejasn\u00fd, historicky spochybnite\u013en\u00fd. Samozrejme, neunikla pozornosti ani Chaloupeck\u00e9ho rozboru falzifik\u00e1tov v\u00a0\u0161t\u00fadii <em>Pad\u011blky staroslovensk\u00fdch p\u00edsn\u00ed historick\u00fdch<\/em> (Pr\u00fady, 1925) a\u00a0samotn\u00fd Jozef \u0160kult\u00e9ty v\u00a0obrane prip\u00fa\u0161\u0165a pri tejto piesni, \u017ee mohla vznikn\u00fa\u0165 nesk\u00f4r v\u00a0bojoch s\u00a0Turkami.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u0161ak piese\u0148 (mel\u00f3dia sa nezachovala) si svoju pravdu obh\u00e1jila sama \u2013 s \u201ekult\u00farnym v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdm spojencom\u201c \u2013 Viedenskou obr\u00e1zkovou kronikou zo 14. storo\u010dia (teda, pred Turkami). V zobrazenej vojenskej zr\u00e1\u017eke je tu zrete\u013ene na \u0161t\u00edtoch poznate\u013en\u00fd <strong>n\u00e1\u0161 dvojkr\u00ed\u017e<\/strong> (symbol Nitrianskeho \u00fadeln\u00e9ho knie\u017eatstva) \u2013 kres\u0165ania r\u00fabaj\u00fa pohanov, v pozad\u00ed je zobrazen\u00e1 ostrihomsk\u00e1 bazilika (v zadunajskom postupnom \u0161\u00edren\u00ed kres\u0165anstva bol Ostrihom cirkevn\u00fdm centrom s prv\u00fdm biskupstvom).<\/p>\n<p>V podstate ide pre n\u00e1s o d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa udalos\u0165 a svedectvo o zr\u00e1\u017eke medzi kres\u0165anstvom a pohanstvom. Zaznamen\u00e1va boj kr\u00e1\u013ea \u0160tefana so st\u00fapencami pohansk\u00e9ho knie\u017ea\u0165a Vazula, teda, skuto\u010dne <em>\u201et\u00fdch kliatych pohanov Slov\u00e1ci r\u00fabaj\u00fa\u201c<\/em>. I\u0161lo o z\u00e1chranu nielen kr\u00e1\u013eovstva, ale aj kres\u0165anstva. Tak\u017ee, ak vo Viedenskej kronike nach\u00e1dzame zobrazenie zakladate\u013ea uhorsk\u00e9ho \u0161t\u00e1tu sv. \u0160tefana s\u00a0koruhvou a\u00a0\u0161t\u00edtom s\u00a0na\u0161\u00edm historick\u00fdm dvojkr\u00ed\u017eom, mal na to dostato\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4vod. A\u00a0my m\u00e1me rovnako d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fd d\u00f4vod pozorne na\u010d\u00fava\u0165, \u010do n\u00e1m dejiny rozpr\u00e1vaj\u00fa, aby sme spoznali svoju skuto\u010dn\u00fa tv\u00e1r a\u00a0skuto\u010dn\u00e9 dedi\u010dstvo otcov, preto\u017ee, ako vyhl\u00e1sil F. Juriga v\u00a0uhorskom sneme: \u201eMy nechceme nic, enem to, co n\u00e1m patr\u00ed!\u201c<\/p>\n<p><em>Eva Fordin\u00e1lov\u00e1<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>\u201eSlov\u00e1ci, o\u00a0svoje dejiny dbajte! Stato\u010dn\u00fd slovensk\u00fd n\u00e1rod povzneste ku hviezdam hor!\u201c Takto vyz\u00fdval u\u017e v 17. storo\u010d\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd humanistick\u00fd b\u00e1snik Mikul\u00e1\u0161 Jakobeus, ktor\u00fd od svojich \u0161tyroch rokov \u017eil so svojim otcom v Pre\u0161ove. My sme <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/kto-a-komu-zachranil-uhorsky-stat\/\" title=\"Kto a komu zachr\u00e1nil Uhorsk\u00fd \u0161t\u00e1t\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":5589,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5585","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-toto-sa-nas-tyka"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5585"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5703,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5585\/revisions\/5703"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}