{"id":639,"date":"2018-04-02T00:39:23","date_gmt":"2018-04-01T22:39:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/?p=639"},"modified":"2018-09-13T13:13:54","modified_gmt":"2018-09-13T11:13:54","slug":"detom-iba-to-najlepsie-1-cast","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/detom-iba-to-najlepsie-1-cast\/","title":{"rendered":"De\u0165om iba to najlep\u0161ie? (1. \u010das\u0165)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Modern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, po\u010dn\u00fac telev\u00edziou, cez vide\u00e1, po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, mobily, tablety, \u010di smartf\u00f3ny radik\u00e1lne zmenili sp\u00f4soby komunik\u00e1cie medzi \u013eu\u010fmi a\u00a0 sp\u00f4soby z\u00edskavania vedomost\u00ed. Neod\u0161kriepite\u013ene priniesli ve\u013ea pozit\u00edvneho, av\u0161ak maj\u00fa aj svoju odvr\u00e1ten\u00fa tv\u00e1r, ktor\u00e1 je rizikov\u00e1 najm\u00e4 pre deti. Vedia o\u00a0 tom rodi\u010dia? Zauj\u00edmaj\u00fa sa o\u00a0 to, ak\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 dopad na ich die\u0165a nadmern\u00e1 vo\u013enos\u0165 v\u00a0 pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovej a\u00a0 komunika\u010dnej techniky? Proces v\u00fdvoja mal\u00e9ho \u010dloveka je ove\u013ea star\u0161\u00ed ako ktor\u00fdko\u013evek z\u00a0 vyn\u00e1lezov. Preto sk\u00f4r ne\u017e sa dostaneme ku vz\u0165ahu die\u0165a a\u00a0 technika, za\u010dnime celkom od za\u010diatku.<\/p>\n<h3>Virtu\u00e1lne detstvo<\/h3>\n<p>Mal\u00e9 die\u0165a sa mus\u00ed najprv nau\u010di\u0165 pozn\u00e1va\u0165 realitu, to je skuto\u010dn\u00e9 veci. Teda to, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee uchopi\u0165 do ruky, ohmata\u0165, poobzera\u0165 si zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch str\u00e1n, aj sk\u00fasi\u0165, \u010do samo dok\u00e1\u017ee s\u00a0danou vecou urobi\u0165. Potrebuje si dobre rozv\u00edja\u0165 motoriku ruky. Na to pohyb prstom po monitore, ani stl\u00e1\u010danie my\u0161i nesta\u010d\u00ed. Motorika, presnos\u0165 pohybov ruky sa rozv\u00edja kreslen\u00edm, skladan\u00edm kociek, r\u00f4znych sklada\u010diek, lega, rozobrat\u00edm a\u00a0poskladan\u00edm hra\u010diek, vystrihovan\u00edm, lepen\u00edm, nap\u013a\u0148an\u00edm r\u00f4znych n\u00e1dob vodou at\u010f. To s\u00fa hry, pri ktor\u00fdch die\u0165a z\u00edskava praktick\u00fa sk\u00fasenos\u0165 s\u00a0 konkr\u00e9tnymi vecami. Tie z\u00e1rove\u0148 u\u010dia die\u0165a s\u00fastredi\u0165 sa na jednu \u00falohu, u\u010dia ho trpezlivosti, pok\u00fdm ju vyrie\u0161i. V\u00a0\u00fasil\u00ed dokon\u010di\u0165 za\u010dat\u00fa hru treba die\u0165a podporova\u0165 a\u00a0 za \u00faspech oceni\u0165. Rad\u0161ej v\u0161ak mil\u00fdm rodi\u010dovsk\u00fdm \u00fasmevom, pohladen\u00edm, bozkom, prit\u00falen\u00edm, ne\u017e vychva\u013eovan\u00edm alebo vecnou odmenou.<\/p>\n<h3>Svet je tam vonku<\/h3>\n<p>K\u00a0pozn\u00e1vaniu reality rozhodne patr\u00ed pohyb vonku, v\u00a0meste, parkoch, pr\u00edrode, v\u0161ade, kde m\u00e1 die\u0165a mo\u017enos\u0165 nau\u010di\u0165 sa rozli\u0161ova\u0165 ve\u013ekosti a\u00a0vzdialenosti konkr\u00e9tnych vec\u00ed. Vzdialenosti sa u\u010d\u00ed pozn\u00e1va\u0165 cez hry, ke\u010f nie\u010do prekra\u010duje, preskakuje, ke\u010f lezie po prelieza\u010dk\u00e1ch, po stromoch, h\u00e1d\u017ee a\u00a0chyt\u00e1 loptu, triafa, \u010di be\u017e\u00ed do cie\u013ea, kolobe\u017ekuje, \u010do pom\u00e1ha rozv\u00edja\u0165 hrub\u00fa motoriku. Mobil ani po\u010d\u00edta\u010d ju u\u00a0 die\u0165a\u0165a nerozvinie. V\u00fdznam maj\u00fa aj tak\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, ako je pozeranie do koruny stromu, alebo h\u013eadanie miesta, kde \u0161teboce vt\u00e1\u010da. Konkr\u00e9tne pohyby so skuto\u010dn\u00fdmi predmetmi pom\u00e1haj\u00fa die\u0165a\u0165u rozv\u00edja\u0165 priestorov\u00fa predstavivos\u0165, nevyhnutn\u00fa pre rozvoj matematick\u00fdch schopnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Nie\u010do za nie\u010do?<\/h3>\n<p>Rodi\u010dia by nemali za \u00fasilie a\u00a0 splnenie \u00falohy d\u00e1va\u0165 de\u0165om, najm\u00e4 nie mal\u00fdm, vecn\u00e9 odmeny. O\u010di matky a\u00a0 otca s\u00fa pre die\u0165a zrkadlom. Vid\u00ed sa v\u00a0 nich vtedy, ke\u010f rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 o\u010di a\u00a0 \u00fasmev hovoria \u201esi m\u00f4j, moja, \u013e\u00fabim \u0165a\u201c. Nemusia to hovori\u0165 \u00fasta. Ak sa die\u0165a vid\u00ed v\u00a0 o\u010diach rodi\u010da, jeho l\u00e1sku c\u00edti aj bez slov.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Page-13-Image-36.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-590\" src=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Page-13-Image-36.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"737\" height=\"407\" srcset=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Page-13-Image-36.jpg 737w, http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Page-13-Image-36-300x166.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vtedy sa sna\u017e\u00ed o\u00a0 \u00faspech, aby op\u00e4\u0165 videlo tie zrkadliace mamine a\u00a0 otcove o\u010di. To s\u00fa situ\u00e1cie, ktor\u00e9 upev\u0148uj\u00fa citov\u00e9 puto medzi die\u0165a\u0165om a\u00a0rodi\u010dom a\u00a0na ktor\u00fdch stoj\u00ed ochota die\u0165a\u0165a rodi\u010da posl\u00fachnu\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>Vecn\u00e1 odmena je obchod, ktor\u00e9mu ch\u00fdba citov\u00fd kontext. Nevyrovn\u00e1 sa rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9mu povzbudiv\u00e9mu \u00fasmevu alebo pohladeniu. Die\u0165a, odme\u0148ovan\u00e9 vecn\u00fdmi darmi str\u00e1ca potrebu urobi\u0165 svojim \u00fasil\u00edm rodi\u010dom rados\u0165. Je zameran\u00e9 na \u201ezisk\u201c, \u00falohu pln\u00ed, lebo chce dar pre seba, nie pre rados\u0165 rodi\u010dov. Vtedy sa v\u00a0o\u010diach mamy a\u00a0otca nevid\u00ed a\u00a0t\u00fdm je aj citov\u00e9 puto plyt\u0161ie. Vecn\u00e1 odmena m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vhodn\u00e1 u\u00a0 star\u0161\u00edch det\u00ed (okolo 10-11 rokov) a\u00a0 dar by mal by\u0165 zameran\u00fd na podporu \u017eiaducich z\u00e1ujmov die\u0165a\u0165a, napr\u00edklad \u0161portov\u00fa v\u00fdbavu, hudobn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, pom\u00f4cky na rozvoj kreativity a\u00a0pod. Mohol by to by\u0165 aj nov\u00fd po\u010d\u00edta\u010d, \u010di program, ak je ten star\u00fd u\u017e prekonan\u00fd, av\u0161ak v\u00a0 \u017eiadnom pr\u00edpade by to nemal by\u0165 napr\u00edklad najnov\u0161\u00ed typ smartf\u00f3nu, ak\u00fd kamar\u00e1ti e\u0161te nemaj\u00fa. Tak\u00fdmto darom sa v\u00a0die\u0165ati rozvij\u00e1 iba p\u00fdcha. \u201eJa m\u00e1m, \u010do vy nem\u00e1te!!\u201c To neprospieva ani die\u0165a\u0165u, ani dobr\u00e9mu vz\u0165ahu s\u00a0kamar\u00e1tmi.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f4\u017ee pochvala ubl\u00ed\u017ei\u0165?<\/h3>\n<p>Zastav\u00edme sa na chv\u00ed\u013eu pri samotnej pochvale. Nepochybne je dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdchovn\u00fdm prostriedkom, ale mus\u00ed ma\u0165 svoje hranice. M\u00e1 by\u0165 povzbudiv\u00e1, nie velik\u00e1\u0161ska. Ak je die\u0165a prehnane vychva\u013eovan\u00e9, rozv\u00edja sa v\u00a0\u0148om nadmern\u00e9 sebavedomie. Toto nezodpoved\u00e1 jeho skuto\u010dn\u00fdm schopnostiam a\u00a0 ono \u010dak\u00e1, \u017ee ho v\u0161etci bud\u00fa ve\u013emi oce\u0148ova\u0165. Ke\u010f potom za\u017eije rozpor (napr. mama ho prehnane chv\u00e1li, a\u00a0 u\u010dite\u013eka je k\u00a0 jeho v\u00fdkonu objekt\u00edvnej\u0161ia), die\u0165a pre\u017e\u00edva stres, frustr\u00e1ciu, c\u00edti sa u\u010dite\u013ekou ukrivden\u00e9, odmieta chodi\u0165 do \u0161koly, vznik\u00e1 nap\u00e4tie vo vz\u0165ahoch. Na spr\u00e1vanie nadmerne oce\u0148ovan\u00e9ho die\u0165a\u0165a m\u00f4\u017eu negat\u00edvne reagova\u0165 aj jeho kamar\u00e1ti. N\u00e1sledne m\u00e1va \u010dasto probl\u00e9m n\u00e1js\u0165 si, \u010di udr\u017ea\u0165 dobr\u00fdch kamar\u00e1tov.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Elena Spev\u00e1kov\u00e1, klinick\u00fd psychol\u00f3g<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>P\u00ddTALI SME SA SKALI\u010cANOV:<\/h4>\n<p>1. Odme\u0148ujeme a\u00a0chv\u00e1lime deti dostato\u010dne alebo nedostato\u010dne?<br \/>\n2. \u010co je pod\u013ea V\u00e1s najlep\u0161ou odmenou pre die\u0165a?<br \/>\n3. Je odmena s\u00fa\u010dasne motiv\u00e1ciou?<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017dena, V\u0160, \u017eivnostn\u00ed\u010dka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Chv\u00e1lime nedostato\u010dne, neberieme do \u00favahy individu\u00e1lny posun a\u00a0rast die\u0165a\u0165a, hodnot\u00edme pod\u013ea tabuliek a\u00a0odme\u0148ujeme v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou t\u00fdm, \u010do poklad\u00e1me za super.<br \/>\n2. Pr\u00e1ve pochvala a\u00a0uznanie je ve\u013ek\u00e1 odmena a\u00a0motiv\u00e1cia.<br \/>\n3. No, povedala by som, \u017ee nie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mu\u017e, S\u0160, \u017eivnostn\u00edk<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Chv\u00e1lime nedostato\u010dne.<br \/>\n2. Pochvala.<br \/>\n3. Ak je pochvala odmenou, isto je motiv\u00e1ciou..<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017dena, V\u0160, MD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Ur\u010dite s\u00fa deti v\u00a0dne\u0161nej dobe dostato\u010dne chv\u00e1lene, dokonca \u010dasto rodi\u010dmi nadmerne odme\u0148ovan\u00e9. Av\u0161ak je to v\u00a0jednotliv\u00fdch rodin\u00e1ch ve\u013emi individu\u00e1lne.<br \/>\n2. To z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, \u010di z\u00a0poh\u013eadu die\u0165a\u0165a alebo rodi\u010da. Deti ur\u010dite v\u017edy ocenia sladkos\u0165 alebo nejak\u00fa drobnos\u0165. Z\u00a0poh\u013eadu rodi\u010da sk\u00f4r pochvala, ocenenie, ak die\u0165a nie\u010do dok\u00e1\u017ee.<br \/>\n3. To je ve\u013emi individu\u00e1lne. Mala by by\u0165, ale z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed od okolnosti, nesmie sa sta\u0165 rutinnou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017dena, S\u0160, \u017eivnostn\u00edk<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Dostato\u010dne.<br \/>\n2. Deti s\u00fa 3-ro\u010dn\u00e9 aj 15-ro\u010dn\u00e9 a\u00a0u\u00a0ka\u017ed\u00e9ho je najlep\u0161ia odmena celkom in\u00e1.<br \/>\n3. Odmena by mala by\u0165 aj motiv\u00e1ciou.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017dena, S\u0160, zdravotn\u00e1 sestra<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. A\u017e prive\u013ea.<br \/>\n2. Pochvala, spolo\u010dn\u00e9 chv\u00edle alebo splnenie odmeny v\u00a0r\u00e1mci mo\u017enost\u00ed.<br \/>\n3. Mysl\u00edm \u017ee \u00e1no.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mu\u017e, S\u0160, mana\u017e\u00e9r<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Je to individu\u00e1lne, za m\u0148a m\u00f4\u017eem poveda\u0165, \u017ee dostato\u010dne.<br \/>\n2. Z\u00a0poh\u013eadu die\u0165a\u0165a je najlep\u0161ia materi\u00e1lna odmena, z\u00a0poh\u013eadu rodi\u010da by to mala by\u0165 hlavne pochvala.<br \/>\n3. V\u00a0dne\u0161nej dobe ur\u010dite \u00e1no.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u017dena, S\u0160, dispe\u010derka<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Dostato\u010dne.<br \/>\n2. Pochvala od rodi\u010dov a\u00a0spolo\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky s\u00a0rodi\u010dmi.<br \/>\n3. Odmena m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou motiv\u00e1cie, netreba to v\u0161ak preh\u00e1\u0148a\u0165. To m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 opa\u010dn\u00fd efekt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Modern\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie, po\u010dn\u00fac telev\u00edziou, cez vide\u00e1, po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, mobily, tablety, \u010di smartf\u00f3ny radik\u00e1lne zmenili sp\u00f4soby komunik\u00e1cie medzi \u013eu\u010fmi a\u00a0 sp\u00f4soby z\u00edskavania vedomost\u00ed. Neod\u0161kriepite\u013ene priniesli ve\u013ea pozit\u00edvneho, av\u0161ak maj\u00fa aj svoju odvr\u00e1ten\u00fa tv\u00e1r, ktor\u00e1 je rizikov\u00e1 najm\u00e4 <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/detom-iba-to-najlepsie-1-cast\/\" title=\"De\u0165om iba to najlep\u0161ie? (1. \u010das\u0165)\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-639","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-zaujalo-nas"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=639"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":640,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/639\/revisions\/640"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/skalickyobzor.sk\/cms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}